Ideia principal: A cobertura de nós e bordas é um critério de cobertura fundamental em testes de software que se concentra em garantir que todos os nós e bordas em um modelo de software baseado em gráficos sejam testados, o que ajuda a identificar possíveis áreas de falha no software.
**Conteúdo
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Introdução à cobertura de nós e bordas
- Cobertura de nós (NC): Requer que cada nó executável (ou vértice) no gráfico seja visitado pelo menos uma vez pelos casos de teste. Isso garante que todas as partes do programa sejam executadas durante o teste.
- Cobertura de borda (EC): Amplia a cobertura do nó exigindo que cada borda direcionada no gráfico seja percorrida pelo menos uma vez. Esse critério é particularmente importante para validar as transições entre estados ou operações.
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Distinção entre cobertura de nó e cobertura de borda:
- Implicações da cobertura: Enquanto a cobertura de nós garante que cada função ou estado seja invocado, a cobertura de borda testa as conexões ou transições entre esses nós, o que pode revelar problemas de integração ou falhas na sequência de operações.
- Complexidade do teste: A cobertura de borda geralmente é mais rigorosa do que a cobertura de nó porque exige a execução de caminhos mais complexos que podem envolver vários nós e transições, aumentando, assim, o rigor do teste.
graph TD;
A[Start] --> B[Login];
B --> C[Dashboard];
B --> D[Error Screen];
C --> E[Profile];
C --> F[Settings];
D --> B;
E --> G[Logout];
F --> G;
style A fill:#f4d03f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
style G fill:#e74c3c,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
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Exemplos de cobertura de nós e bordas
- Exemplo de cobertura de nó: Garantir que os caminhos de teste visitem “Login”, “Painel”, “Tela de erro”, “Perfil”, “Configurações” e “Logout”.
- Exemplo de cobertura de borda: Criar caminhos de teste que não apenas visitem todos os nós, mas também atravessem cada conexão, como “Início” para “Login”, “Login” para “Painel” e “Painel” para “Perfil”.
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Tabela de critérios de cobertura de nós e bordas
| Coverage Type | Description | Example Requirement |
|---|---|---|
| Node Coverage | Each node is visited at least once by the test cases. | Visit ‘Login’, ‘Dashboard’, etc. |
| Edge Coverage | Each edge/connection between nodes is traversed at least once. | Traverse ‘Login’ to ‘Dashboard’. |
Atomic Note: Node and Edge Coverage in Graph-Based Software Testing
Title: Exploring Node and Edge Coverage Criteria in Software Testing
Main Idea: Node and edge coverage are foundational coverage criteria in software testing that focus on ensuring every node and edge in a graph-based model of software is tested, which helps in identifying potential areas of fault within the software.
Content:
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Introduction to Node and Edge Coverage:
- Node Coverage (NC): Requires that every executable node (or vertex) in the graph is visited at least once by the test cases. This ensures that all parts of the program are executed during testing.
- Edge Coverage (EC): Extends node coverage by requiring every directed edge in the graph to be traversed at least once. This criterion is particularly important for validating the transitions between states or operations.
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Distinction between Node Coverage and Edge Coverage:
- Coverage Implications: While node coverage ensures that every function or state is invoked, edge coverage tests the connections or transitions between these nodes, which can reveal integration issues or faults in the sequence of operations.
- Testing Complexity: Edge coverage is generally more stringent than node coverage because it necessitates executing more complex paths that might involve multiple nodes and transitions, thereby increasing test thoroughness.
graph TD;
A[Start] --> B[Login];
B --> C[Dashboard];
B --> D[Error Screen];
C --> E[Profile];
C --> F[Settings];
D --> B;
E --> G[Logout];
F --> G;
style A fill:#f4d03f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
style G fill:#e74c3c,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
-
Examples of Node and Edge Coverage:
- Node Coverage Example: Ensuring that test paths visit ‘Login’, ‘Dashboard’, ‘Error Screen’, ‘Profile’, ‘Settings’, and ‘Logout’.
- Edge Coverage Example: Creating test paths that not only visit all the nodes but also traverse each connection such as ‘Start’ to ‘Login’, ‘Login’ to ‘Dashboard’, and ‘Dashboard’ to ‘Profile’.
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Table of Node and Edge Coverage Criteria:
| Coverage Type | Description | Example Requirement |
|---|---|---|
| Node Coverage | Each node is visited at least once by the test cases. | Visit ‘Login’, ‘Dashboard’, etc. |
| Edge Coverage | Each edge/connection between nodes is traversed at least once. | Traverse ‘Login’ to ‘Dashboard’. |
Context & Linkage:
- This note draws upon the “Node and Edge Coverage” section, providing an introductory understanding suitable for those new to graph-based testing methodologies.
- Related Notes: Can be connected to more advanced coverage criteria like path coverage or condition coverage, discussions on automated tools that help achieve these coverages, and case studies illustrating the application of node and edge coverage in real-world software testing scenarios.
This atomic note provides a comprehensive overview of node and edge coverage, highlighting their importance in ensuring thorough testing of software functionalities and transitions, thereby helping detect and resolve potential software faults effectively.