Ideia principal: No teste de software, os grafos são fundamentais para derivar modelos de teste e definir requisitos e critérios de teste abrangentes, o que garante que os testes cubram todos os aspectos críticos da funcionalidade e da interação do sistema.
Conteúdo:
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Usando gafos para derivar modelos de teste:
- Propósito: Os grafos fornecem uma maneira visual e estruturada de modelar o comportamento do software, incluindo vários estados e transições pelos quais o software pode passar durante a execução.
- Processo: Ao mapear a arquitetura ou o comportamento do software como um grafo, os testadores podem identificar todos os estados e transições possíveis, o que ajuda a criar casos de teste detalhados que abrangem cada aspecto do software.
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Definição de requisitos e critérios de teste:
- Requisitos de teste (TR): São condições ou objetivos específicos que um caso de teste deve satisfazer, derivados diretamente do modelo gráfico. Os TRs garantem que todas as funcionalidades e caminhos sejam testados adequadamente.
- Critério de teste (C): Refere-se a um conjunto de regras ou protocolos que determinam os requisitos para os casos de teste. Os critérios podem incluir cobertura de nó, cobertura de caminho ou cobertura de condição, dependendo da complexidade e da natureza do software.
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Satisfação dos requisitos de teste:
- Metodologia: Os caminhos de teste que atravessam o grafo são desenvolvidos para atender aos requisitos de teste definidos.
graph TD;
Start[Start] --> Login;
Login -->|Valid| Home[Home Screen];
Login -->|Invalid| Error[Error Screen];
Home --> Profile[Profile Page];
Home --> Logout[Logout];
Profile --> Logout;
Error --> Login;
style Start fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
style Logout fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
- Tabela de exemplos de critérios de cobertura:
| Coverage Criteria | Description |
|---|---|
| Node Coverage | Each node is visited at least once in the test cases. |
| Edge Coverage | Each edge is traversed at least once in the test cases. |
| Path Coverage possible paths through the graph are covered by the test cases. |
Atomic Note: Graph Testing Requirements and Coverage Criteria
Title: Leveraging Graphs for Deriving Test Models and Defining Coverage Criteria
Main Idea: In software testing, graphs are instrumental for deriving test models and defining comprehensive testing requirements and criteria, which ensure that tests cover all critical aspects of system functionality and interaction.
Content:
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Using Graphs for Deriving Test Models:
- Purpose: Graphs provide a visual and structured way to model software behavior, including various states and transitions that the software may undergo during execution.
- Process: By mapping out the software’s architecture or behavior as a graph, testers can identify all possible states and transitions, which aids in creating detailed test cases that cover each aspect of the software.
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Defining Test Requirements and Criteria:
- Test Requirements (TR): These are specific conditions or objectives that a test case must satisfy, derived directly from the graph model. TRs ensure that all functionalities and paths are adequately tested.
- Test Criterion (C): This refers to a set of rules or protocols that determine the requirements for test cases. Criteria might include node coverage, path coverage, or condition coverage, depending on the complexity and nature of the software.
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Satisfying Test Requirements:
- Methodology: Test paths that traverse through the graph are developed to meet the defined test requirements. Each path should satisfy a particular criterion, ensuring that all aspects of the software are tested.
- Example: In a control flow graph, satisfying edge coverage would require that each edge in the graph is traversed at least once by the test paths.
graph TD;
Start[Start] --> Login;
Login -->|Valid| Home[Home Screen];
Login -->|Invalid| Error[Error Screen];
Home --> Profile[Profile Page];
Home --> Logout[Logout];
Profile --> Logout;
Error --> Login;
style Start fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
style Logout fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px
- Table of Coverage Criteria Examples:
| Coverage Criteria | Description |
|---|---|
| Node Coverage | Each node is visited at least once in the test cases. |
| Edge Coverage | Each edge is traversed at least once in the test cases. |
| Path Coverage | All possible paths through the graph are covered by the test cases. |
Context & Linkage:
- This note is grounded in the “Graph Testing Requirements and Coverage Criteria” section covered in the class. It reflects the systematic approach to testing software systems through graph-based models, which facilitate a clear and thorough testing process.
- Related Notes: Can be linked to advanced topics like handling loops in graphs, optimizing test paths for complex systems, and employing automated tools to generate and verify test paths based on the graph model.
This atomic note outlines how graphs are used in software testing to derive test models and define rigorous testing requirements and criteria, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive test path development to meet these criteria and ensure extensive system validation.