Ideia Principal: Nos testes de software,a cobertura de várias arestas por meio da cobertura de pares de arestas e a expansão para a cobertura completa e especificada de caminhos são estratégias avançadas projetadas para garantir testes de sistema mais abrangentes, explorando uma gama mais ampla de possíveis caminhos de execução, incluindo aqueles que envolvem várias transições.
**Conteúdo
- Cobertura de par de bordas:
- Definição: A cobertura de par de bordas vai além da cobertura de borda única, exigindo que todos os pares de bordas adjacentes (subcaminhos de comprimento 2) sejam percorridos durante o teste. Esse método ajuda a descobrir problemas que podem ocorrer durante as transições entre mais de dois estados ou operações.
- Importância: Ele captura interações entre sequências de operações que podem não ser detectadas testando-se apenas as bordas individuais.
graph TD;
A[Login] --> B[Validate User];
B --> C[Load User Profile];
B --> D[Error Handling];
C --> E[Display Profile];
D --> F[Display Error];
style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
style F fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
-
Expansão para cobertura completa e especificada de caminhos:
- Cobertura completa de caminhos (CPC): Exige que todos os caminhos possíveis no gráfico, independentemente do comprimento, sejam cobertos. Embora teoricamente abrangente, esse critério costuma ser inviável na prática, especialmente para grafos com loops que podem gerar caminhos infinitos.
- Cobertura de caminho especificado (SPC): Uma abordagem mais prática em que os testadores especificam um determinado conjunto de caminhos a serem cobertos, geralmente com base na avaliação de riscos, em funcionalidades críticas ou em problemas históricos. Esse método oferece flexibilidade e se concentra em áreas críticas ou de alto risco.
-
Desafios com caminhos infinitos em loops:
- Problema: Grafos contendo loops podem gerar um número infinito de caminhos de teste, tornando impraticável a cobertura completa do caminho.
- Soluções: Implementação de técnicas como a limitação do número de iterações de loop durante o teste ou a definição de comprimentos máximos de caminho para gerenciar a complexidade e garantir testes abrangentes e viáveis.
**Tabela de critérios de cobertura de bordas e suas implicações
| Coverage Type | Description | Implications |
|---|---|---|
| Edge Coverage | Each edge is tested at least once. | Basic interaction between states. |
| Edge-Pair Coverage | All adjacent edge pairs are tested. | Covers transitions between pairs of operations. |
| Complete Path Coverage | All possible paths are tested. | Theoretically comprehensive but often infeasible. |
| Specified Path Coverage | Only pre-specified paths, based on critical criteria, are tested. | Focuses on critical paths, manageable and targeted testing. |
Atomic Note: Covering Multiple Edges in Graph-Based Software Testing
Title: Advanced Coverage Criteria: Edge-Pair and Path Coverage in Software Testing
Main Idea: In software testing, covering multiple edges through edge-pair coverage and expanding to complete and specified path coverage are advanced strategies designed to ensure more comprehensive system testing by exploring a wider range of possible execution paths, including those involving multiple transitions.
Content:
- Edge-Pair Coverage:
- Definition: Edge-pair coverage extends beyond single edge coverage by requiring that all adjacent pairs of edges (subpaths of length 2) be traversed during testing. This method helps uncover issues that may occur during transitions between more than two states or operations.
- Importance: It captures interactions between sequences of operations that might not be detected by testing single edges alone.
graph TD;
A[Login] --> B[Validate User];
B --> C[Load User Profile];
B --> D[Error Handling];
C --> E[Display Profile];
D --> F[Display Error];
style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
style F fill:#ccf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:2px;
-
Expansion to Complete and Specified Path Coverage:
- Complete Path Coverage (CPC): Requires that all possible paths through the graph, regardless of length, be covered. While theoretically comprehensive, this criterion is often infeasible in practice, especially for graphs with loops that can generate infinite paths.
- Specified Path Coverage (SPC): A more practical approach where testers specify a particular set of paths to be covered, often based on risk assessment, critical functionalities, or historical issues. This method provides flexibility and focuses on critical or high-risk areas.
-
Challenges with Infinite Paths in Loops:
- Problem: Graphs containing loops can generate an infinite number of test paths, making complete path coverage impractical.
- Solutions: Implementing techniques such as limiting the number of loop iterations during testing or defining maximum path lengths to manage the complexity and ensure feasibly comprehensive testing.
-
Table of Edge Coverage Criteria and Their Implications:
| Coverage Type | Description | Implications |
|---|---|---|
| Edge Coverage | Each edge is tested at least once. | Basic interaction between states. |
| Edge-Pair Coverage | All adjacent edge pairs are tested. | Covers transitions between pairs of operations. |
| Complete Path Coverage | All possible paths are tested. | Theoretically comprehensive but often infeasible. |
| Specified Path Coverage | Only pre-specified paths, based on critical criteria, are tested. | Focuses on critical paths, manageable and targeted testing. |
Context & Linkage:
- This atomic note is informed by the “Covering Multiple Edges” topic discussed in the class, emphasizing how these advanced coverage criteria can significantly enhance the thoroughness of software testing.
- Related Notes: This topic can be linked to discussions on loop handling strategies, automated tools for path detection and coverage analysis, and real-world examples where edge-pair and path coverage have identified critical system failures.
This atomic note details strategies for covering multiple edges in graph-based software testing, highlighting how edge-pair and path coverage can provide deeper insights into system behavior and enhance the robustness of software products.